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November 9, 2011

Wrestling with MBA Application Essays

You are thinner, of course

If you know anyone who is applying to business school for the class of 2014, you may have heard them muttering to themselves, “What does matter most to me and why?” (Stanford GSB) or  “Have I ever learned anything from a setback?”  (Harvard Business School) They may be victims of an energy-draining syndrome that shows itself every year about this time called MBA essay nightmare.  It’s a regular sinkhole of drafting, pondering, redrafting, questioning, redrafting, wondering if it is getting better or worse, redrafting, and whining.

The essays matter.  Of course the GMAT does too, and, but the real differentiator is the answer to the question behind all those questions, “Why should we admit you to our business school?”

Your answer is going to be as unique as your own DNA. But getting there is quite the chore. You could watch this MBA Podcaster video on YouTube regarding essays (in which I feature with admissions reps from Wharton and Columbia Business School), or you could read on.

I’m going to tell you a secret.  Writing isn’t easy for anyone.  Oh, every so often, someone will tell you that they whipped up their essays the night before the deadline and were accepted everywhere they applied.   Fine.  That person is in the minority.

If you are finding that you are writing and rewriting, and rewriting again, and then stumbling, and rewriting, you are not alone.  Ernest Hemingway was said to have rewritten the ending of “For Whom the Bell Tolls” 39 times. That’s just the ending.  That means he already struggled with getting words down on paper for the first time.  Remember the movie “Adaptation,” where the character played by Nicholas Cage nearly drives himself crazy from writers block?   That should remind you that lots of people have faced down a blank page.

To write those essays, you have to start somewhere, and believe me, your first try doesn’t have to be perfect.  In fact, it can be terrible. Annie Lamott, author of Bird by Bird, a wonderful book on the writing process, life, and everything else, says it is ok to write whatever comes into your mind. “For me and most of the other writers I know, writing is not rapturous," she says. "In fact, the only way I can get anything written at all is to write really, really shitty first drafts.”

Death by Rewriting

Or what if you are looking at an essay that you’ve rewritten two or three times, and it still isn’t going anywhere?  It feels like it is getting worse word by word. Don’t be afraid to stop writing.  Read it first thing in the morning if you are an early person, or right before you go to bed if you are a late person. Or both. Keep your computer or a pen and a printout of the draft by your bed.  Print it out, walk around with it.

If you hate it, talk the essay over with a friend, confidant, or advisor.  Tell them the story without worrying about the words on the paper.  Does it makes sense? Are you excited by it? If not, go back and forth with this other person: have them tell you when they feel your energy.  If they don’t feel your energy at all when you tell them your story, believe me, the admissions officer won’t feel it either.  You may have to start all over.

These are just some quick ideas to remind you that it is perfectly OK for you to feel stuck. This is really, really normal.  Just don’t be afraid to rewrite, revise, and reconsider your own assumptions.  You probably don’t have to go around 39 times, but give yourself permission to work it until it's right.

December 20, 2010

Advice from Warren Buffett on, yes, MBA essays

Imagine this: an admissions interviewer has read hundreds of essays, maybe thousands, by eager students trying to gain admission to their school. Many of those essays are written by those who are fully qualified, but just put down a laundry list of their accomplishments, like a resume in prose.  And they will be dinged.

Admissions committee members spend a long time writing questions that they believe will bring out the best in a candidate.  They leave those questions deliberately open ended so that the student can write about whatever he or she wants, but there are some rules of engagement.  The first is to answer the question; something I’ve blogged about in the past.  Always worth remembering.

The second is to write in plain English, that is, English free of jargon. Most people think that those who speak English as a second language have a hard time writing essays. It’s true that those who haven’t grown up writing English may have to take more time and get a native speaker to proof their essays. But the most cringe-worthy essays are those written by students who have spoken only English all their lives, but write in stilted prose or gobbledygook.  Writers fall into passive so that nobody knows who is writing the essay, they let nouns become verbs (e.g., incentivize), or they use their limited word budget to educate the committee about some arcane subject. The reader is either bored silly or has no idea of the point of the essay!

Consider Your Audience

Plain English is simple, straightforward writing. You’d think it was only championed by high school English teachers everywhere, but one of Plain English’s greatest fans is one of the most influential investors in the world: Warren Buffett. Claiming that “stilted jargon and complex construction” often hinder good communication, Buffett may channeling the admissions officer when he writes, “I’ve been unable to decipher just what is being said or, worse yet, had to conclude that nothing was being said.”

Buffett is no comedian. His advice is sound.  His wisdom in writing his famed investment reports holds true for those writing an admissions essay: consider the audience.  Think of the person who is reading your words.  Not a blank admissions committee, but a specific person.  You may have even met that individual at an MBA outreach event, on a school tour, or an admissions panel.

She has a name (the reader is often, but not always, female), and wants you to win her over.

But don’t take my word for it.  Here’s what the “oracle of Omaha” says:

One unoriginal but useful tip: Write with a specific person in mind. When writing Berkshire Hathaway's annual report, I pretend that I'm talking to my sisters. I have no trouble picturing them: Though highly intelligent, they are not experts in accounting or finance. They will understand plain English, but jargon may puzzle them. My goal is simply to give them the information I would wish them to supply me if our positions were reversed. To succeed, I don't need to be Shakespeare; I must, though, have a sincere desire to inform. No siblings to write to? Borrow mine: Just begin with "Dear Doris and Bertie."

Actually, some of your readers may be experts in accounting and finance, but they are not experts in the subject of the essay, which is YOU.  It’s not dumbing down, it’s making your writing, and your story, accessible.

As for interesting…well, it’s about you isn’t it? How could it be otherwise?

July 7, 2010

10 Tips for Getting into Business School — Tip 9: Work Only on What You Can Control

Welcome back to the 10-Tips series.  We're down to the wire -- here on Tip 9, Work Only on the Part You Can Control.

I was anxious about mentioning the element of chance involved in the business school application process. I didn’t want the excellent applicants, along with the hard-working, underappreciated admissions committee professionals, to think that I am calling it crap shoot. It’s not. But you cannot control the entire process, particularly the outcome.

It’s Your Strategy
You cannot control the ultimate outcome, but you have some power to influence the inputs. Let’s take undergraduate grades. Think your GPA is a done deal? How about an alternative transcript? Take courses you overlooked, or even flubbed, when you were an undergraduate, then get A’s, and you have put your GPA in context. How about the GMAT? Test prep resources are readily available -- I can recommend several programs and methodologies to help you improve your score and stay sane. And as we’ve discussed, your career path is in your control as well. (See Tip 2 on career progression).

Practical Tactics
Here are some tactical things you can absolutely control: the schools you visit and choose to apply to, when you are going to apply (what year? what round?), and very importantly, whom you ask to be your recommenders. You can take them out for coffee and share your aspirations. See if they are on board with doing the thoughtful and time-consuming work of writing the best recommendation.

You can also control the application timetable. Applying to business school is a huge undertaking with lots moving parts. You absolutely need to get all the bits and pieces together by the deadline… in the right time zone. Believe me, I know someone who did miss the deadline because of a time-zone issue; it happens.

Still, you cannot control the entire process. You cannot control who else is applying, or what the economy will look like when you hit “send.” You cannot control the mood of your application’s reader, or when your application is read within a cycle (some schools are more flexible about that, but trying to game it will make you crazy). You cannot control what the universe decides is the outcome. You just can’t.

From a Wharton Student Expert
I’m not the only one who believes there is some chance involved – in fact, I got the courage to write about this point from a forum post on Wharton’s Engage website (a great resource!):

Says Victor M. Lee, Wharton, class of 2011,
To some extent, yes, there is an element of luck. As applicants, we cannot control who else applies. But I would contend that the vast majority of the application process is under your control (how you choose to put your application together, where and how you choose to interview, how much you do in research into Wharton, how much introspection you perform, how well you do on standardized tests and previous academic coursework, how effective and accomplished you are in your career and extra-curricular activities, etc).


Besides, would the reward be so sweet if you knew the answer in advance?

May 10, 2010

10 Tips for Getting Into Business School — Tip 5: Perform Service

Filed under: 10 Tips,Application ideas — Tags: , , , , , — admin @ 8:42 pm

We’ve finally made it to the fifth of the 10 tips for MBA admissions. The first advised you to start early, the second, to take inventory, the third to connect with your inner rock star, and the fourth to explore career paths. In the next tip, I suggest that you perform service.

Helping Out
I prefer using the word “service” rather than “extra-curricular” or even”volunteer.” The first definition that comes up on Dictionary.com is, “An act of helpful activity; help; aid. To do someone a service.” Doing service means that you are helping someone or something; it’s broader than volunteering, although you could perform service through volunteer activities. If you are already involved in those activities, then my only recommendation is to stay involved, keep an open mind and an open heart as to how you can be even more effective.

But not all of us are joiners. Some of us would rather not get involved in large organizations, perhaps because we feel we can better make a difference one-on-one. And that’s service. Or what about those of us who have not done much in the way of outside activities since our undergraduate days, but may have shown the ropes to every new employee who came across your path? Or have you helped make your neighborhood a better place to live? That’s performing service too.
Sometimes we forget what performing service might mean. I knew an applicant who worked for a sporting goods manufacturer, and hadn’t done any “official” volunteer activities in years. He was a generous person all the way around, and it showed in the way he lived his life. As we were talking about one of his career essays, we discovered that his previous job, which required that he do sports demos and run workshops for urban kids, was a great example of the way he made his own difference. Instead of doing volunteering after work, he was performing service on the job: he was showing off the sports equipment, but also giving the kids attention and support for a healthy activity, which in some cases, lead to new interests.

Getting Out of Ourselves
As he remembered those days, a big smile broke out across his face. He was reveling in it. What had gone from a fairly lugubrious discussion about career trajectory had turned into a fun reminiscence. That’s because giving back makes us feel connected to our communities and to our world. Performing service bring an additional dimension to our ambitious lives. It shows us something about the world and about ourselves that we may not have figured out when formulating macros for spreadsheets or putting together the latest PowerPoint presentation.

Even if you haven’t had a strong pattern of service, there’s no reason why you cannot start now. I’ve heard people ask if starting now is too obviously a ploy to round out their business school application. To that I say, “So what?” You can’t go back and change what you’ve done, so you might as well get started now. At worst, the experience will be neutral, and at least you’ll be helping out. At best, who knows what could happen?

May 4, 2010

10 Tips for Getting Into Business School – Tip 4: Explore Career Paths

Welcome to the fourth installment of the Master Admissions 10-Tip Series on Getting into Business School. Now that you’ve started connecting with your inner rock star (and identified how that shows leadership), it’s time to start exploring.

Specifically, you want to start exploring different career paths. Clear career goals are the crux of a strong business school application. Gone are the days when you can tell an admissions professional that you want to keep your options open. You need to have a career goal, aspiration, target, or, as or as Harvard Business School’s application calls it, a “career vision.”

You want to explore internally and with others what’s out there. You don’t want to say “I want to be in private equity,” (like everyone else applying to business school) if you haven’t figured out what that means and why it fits your vision.

How’re You Gonna Get There?
Vision is a big word, but it’s a good one in this case. It inspires you to look far into the future and come up with the big dream. You can use the career essay to throw it out there and work backward. Say you want to change the way health care is delivered worldwide? (I’ve seen that one successfully used, so don’t steal it!) What’s the progression to get you there? Many different roads can take you there, and admissions officers will be looking for more than “check the box.” They will be looking at your own sense of you in the future. They will be looking at your own authenticity – are you following the herd? Or are you hoping to do what you know is right for you?

The funny part is that more than half the students at business schools end up changing their minds. Many times in fact. The economy can change, the world can change, and the student’s circumstances can change.

It’s an open secret that students’ pre-business school and post-business school plans change. Admissions officers agree; they don’t go back and audit students’ career decisions after graduation. I’ve seen one student swear he wanted to go into investment management, but end up in a cool new startup in the luxury travel business. I know a number of people who wanted to go entrepreneurial but then decided to take a job in consulting to get more experience and pay back their bills.

Getting from Point A to Point B
So why does every business school take your career plans so seriously during the application process? Because they want to know that you have thought it through. They want to make sure you are grounded in reality. That if you want to change careers, you’ve figured out how to get from Point A to Point B and maybe even to Point C and D.

This essay is about how you write about your future and how you connect it with your past. Admissions officers want to know that you are clearly in touch with what brings you to these decisions. For example, the Berkeley Haas application asks you to discuss your short- and long-term career goals, and then wants you to relate your professional experiences to these goals. Others, such as Duke’s Fuqua School ask you for your inspiration for pursuing this career path.

So go out and explore – talk to people – especially current students or recent grads on their career experience. (More on this in Tip 7). Do some self-exploration as well. And make sure you take notes,  like I recommended in Tip 3. There’s no model answer, but the closer you get to your own truth, the better your application.


April 29, 2010

10 Tips for Getting Into Business School—Tip 3: Connect with Your Inner Rock Star

Welcome back to the Master Admissions 10-Tip series. In the first tip, I recommended you start early, and in the second tip , I recommended you take inventory. Now it’s time to take the leap to connect with your inner rock star.

Leadership Goes Far Beyond Any Title
Every business school is looking for students who are leaders – and that definition of leadership is very broad. “Leadership encompasses more than managing people,” says the University of Chicago’s Rose Martinelli in her excellent blog, The Rose Report. You may not have had direct reports, but “you were successful because of your influence, effective communication skills, and your ability to motivate people toward a shared goal,” she adds. Dartmouth’s Tuck defines leadership as “inspiring others to strive and enabling them to accomplish great things."

Demonstrating leadership can mean anything from running a classroom to being the idea person in your work team. From standing up for an unpopular position, to organizing a food drive. In a nutshell, leadership is about your inner rock star.

Get Comfortable with the Personal
So how do you connect with rock-star you? First, you have to get a comfortable with the personal – the application process and the essays require a lot of introspection. Be prepared to explore what makes you want to excel. Admissions officers are clear that they want a fully three-dimensional person sitting in those coveted business school seats. Derrick Bolton, head of the Stanford GSB admissions committee, explains it succinctly: “We want a holistic view of you as a person: your values, passions, ideas, experiences, and aspirations.”

Introspection can, and should be individual. Going through the process of thinking about what makes you that motivated, driven, inspired leader of tomorrow can feel onerous. So make sure you take notes.

You might want to keep a journal of those observations. If you feel that a journal is too Oprah, just scribble down your own observations and thoughts. If you work on a team, take notes on what works, and what doesn’t. Where do you fit in? What would it take for you to oppose the consensus of the group. Notes on group dynamics will also help when you might want to come up with examples of team wins, losses, or conflict resolution.

You’d be surprised over the course of weeks or even months of what you have written. Thoughts and impressions that might have otherwise been lost to memory will help when you start drafting the essays and crafting your story.

Leadership = Emotional IQ

Looking for these rock star traits within yourself does not have to be an exercise in bravado.
Schools are also looking for leaders that present emotional intelligence. For those who haven’t read and dissected Daniel Goleman’s classic works on Emotional IQ, get started now. You can find a summary of his seminal article , “What Makes a Leader?” in a post I wrote back in December. Goleman’s model of emotional intelligence has dramatically improved the global discussion of leadership. Hopefully, this model will help you take both a broader, deeper, and more self-aware view of what you bring to the party.

Leadership is the heart and soul of the business school program. For some more inspiration on how schools look at leadership, take a look at Wharton’s exciting Leadership in Action Programs, Stanford GSB’s leadership labs, or wander around Harvard Business School’s Leadership mini-site.

http://blogs.chicagobooth.edu/RoseReport/

April 11, 2010

To Dare Greatly

Many of the results are in.  Most aspiring MBA students who submitted applications this season know where, and if, they are going to business school. Some students will not get their wish – they will have applied to one or many schools, and were not admitted anywhere.

I believe that the act of applying is worth applauding. It’s a complex project, practically requiring a Gantt chart for project scheduling: take GMAT course, take GMAT test, visit schools, write essays, request transcripts, get recommendations and follow up, follow up, follow up. For those who really put their all into it, you know who you are, and you deserve congratulations.  Despite the official outcome, you learned something from the process.  Irrespective of the admit/deny decision, you are a stronger, more self-aware person for having gone through it all.

Making it through an ordeal is a worthy outcome.  I learned this by spending time with my friend Rich this weekend. He is an amazing guy – a master sailor who, last year, raced a 60-foot sailboat around the world, unassisted. Thirty boats started the race and only 11 finished.  It took him 121 days (4 months!), napping at  15-minute intervals, in the midst of gale force winds, ice gates, and autopilot failure. He was 58 years old at the time. He has had severe asthma since he was a baby. He’s one tough guy, and also the most humble guy I know.

He is an inspiration to me, when I think of my own challenges, and an inspiration to schoolkids world over who learned from Rich’s adventure on his website.

Curiously, Rich found camaraderie with the other skippers in the race – whom he was supposed to be competing against.  After one sailor, who was forced to drop out of the race because of a severely damaged mainsail, told Rich he was devastated and disappointed with himself, Rich sent him quote from Theodore Roosevelt, about failing while “daring greatly.”  It’s an important quote that  I would like to pass along to all those who might have tried, but did not succeed, to gain admission to business school, or who might not have landed that perfect job.

"The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena, whose face is marred by dust and sweat and blood; who strives valiantly; who errs, who comes short again and again, because there is no effort without error and shortcoming; … who at the best knows in the end the triumph of high achievement, and who at the worst, if he fails, at least fails while daring greatly, so that his place shall never be with those cold and timid souls who neither know victory nor defeat.” T   Roosevelt

What a great quote!  Rich really believes it, and that’s why he’s such an inspiring guy.  As he has said over and over, less eloquently, but equally powerfully, “The important thing is to participate.”  I agree.

And if you’ve got the fortitude to try it all over again, there’s always next year.

April 5, 2010

The First MBA Tip: Start Early

Filed under: Application ideas — Tags: , , , , , , , — admin @ 4:58 pm

This is “acceptance” week – by now most people who applied to school by Round 2 have a pretty good idea where they are going to go. It’s been a long haul for some folks, longer and more complicated than most people realize.  So if you are thinking of applying in the coming year, now is the time to start planning.

There’s really no downside to starting your research now. This part is actually quite fun.  You get to surf the Internet and read websites, blogs, tweets, watch YouTube channels, figure out what mailing lists to get on… the list is endless.  The business school admissions process is getting increasingly transparent.  Admissions committee members blog, tweet, and get out on the road to tell potential students about the benefits of the MBA and the benefits of their own school. As a potential student, you are the beneficiary of all this social and traditional networking.

So why not start early?  I would recommend that you visit a campus while it is in session.  You want to sit in on a class, have lunch with students, and get the feel of a program. The only cost is time – but I like to think of it as an investment.  It’s such a personal decision, that you owe it to yourself to visit as many campuses as you can.  Your application will be so much richer for having met each school “in person.” Those visits will inform your thinking about business school, your career, and your overall future.

Then there is the GMAT, no small undertaking.  No matter how good a test taker you are, I would guess that you need to study twice as long as you think you should.  My friend Doug Barg, a master GMAT teacher at Kaplan, recommends that you study at least three months – and if you want to break into the 700s, he recommends about 114 hours.  How does he compute it?  Check out his classic blogpost here.  The more you study, the more confident you will feel. And the more genuinely confident you are, the better you’ll score.

It’s also good to think about courses to fill in any academic gaps. You don’t want to find yourself looking at your transcript mid-summer and realizing that you should have signed up for a statistics/calculus/accounting course last spring. And if your undergraduate record has been spotty, its especially important that you prove to yourself that you can work full time, study for the GMAT, and take an undergraduate course to prove that you know how to excel in a classroom.

Start With Your Brain
Now is a good time to start thinking about the essays.  Even if the schools change the specific questions, they are looking for ways you have demonstrated leadership.  Start thinking of the stories you will be telling about yourself.  Get your brain working on it.  Last July,  I wrote a blog post called “Start With Your Brain.”. You will open yourself up to creativity, you may bump into some new ideas you hadn’t thought you were capable of, or you might refine something that you’ve been mulling over for months.   Your brain is smarter than you even know. Give it the material to make you shine.

Remember, all you have to do is start exploring.  This is the fun part. Enjoy yourself!

December 5, 2009

Even More MBA Essay Tips: No cookie-cutters!

Filed under: Essays — Tags: , , , , — admin @ 3:13 pm

Every time I go to a school’s MBA information session, I learn something.  The other night I attended a session at UC Berkeley’s Haas school, and , despite the amount of time I put in to learning about this school (it’s right in my neighborhood), I still come out with something new.

In discussing the major essay that asks,   “Please tell us about yourself and your background. Include information about your family, where you grew up, your interests, and any other people or experiences that have influenced you,” the admissions officer encouraged the aspiring MBA candidates to tell the committee something that they would not be able to find in the rest of the application.  The rest of the application has plenty of opportunity for you to write about work progression and achievements,  but this part of the application is about <b>you</b> as a person.

Almost every business school application has an essay like this.  Stanford’s classic, “What matters most to you and why?”  NYU Stern’s “personal expression” requirement or UCLA’s multimedia request all demonstrate that the school is looking for something that describes you an individual.

You may be thinking, oh, I am just another cookie-cutter engineer/investment analyst/junior consultant/IT specialist.  But you aren’t. In the last few days, two aspiring students came up to me and told me that once they started mulling over their non-work lives, their brains almost exploded with ideas like popcorn.  One engineer told me he remembered getting interested in engineering because he once got an assembly-required electric piano as a gift.  He recalled the excitement of putting it together and playing.  Another student suddenly started recalling passionate involvement in a political movement, which really spoke to her core beliefs.

So keep exploring, and keep asking.  The more authentic “you” that shows in your application, the better your candidacy.

October 10, 2009

HBS Update on Interviews

Filed under: Application ideas — Tags: , , , , , — admin @ 2:02 pm

This is more a long tweet than a blog post, and I apologize up front. But for all those who are anxious about Harvard Business School's first-round interviews, Admissions Director Dee Leopold says invitations will start trickling out October 16 to Dec. 15.

HBS Round 1 Update

She writes:
Round 1 Update
Date: October 09, 2009

Greetings. We're already deep into round 1 applications. As the leaves begin to turn colors (shameless plug for our spectacular foliage in New England) our board members burrow into their offices or study carrels in the library and we're drinking lots of coffee in Spangler in order to keep us on schedule.

We expect to begin sending out interview invitations on October 16. This year we may not be trying to send as many out on one day as we did last year... maybe more like a not-scientifically-measured stream until December 15. We really (really, really, really) don't know how many will go out on any given day. If you call and ask, we will say exactly that.

Interviews will take place during the month of November in Boston and in other hub cities. Detailed instructions to candidates about how to sign up for interviews will be included in their email invitation from us.

Don't worry about whether our email will get lost and we'll give away your interview spot. We don't do that. We'll find you. We've been doing this for a long time and we haven't lost anyone yet!

I will post updates whenever I think it would be helpful and others in our office will keep you current through Twitter and Facebook.

And I'm hoping that I can devote one post each week to answering your questions.

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